Voter guide 2024: Democratic state House primary races Q&A

(Mike Sweeney for Colorado Newsline)

Registered voters in Colorado should have received their ballots in the mail for the June 25 primary, which includes races for Congress, the state Legislature, the University of Colorado Board of Regents and other local positions.

Voters can contact their county clerk if they have not received their ballot or check the online BallotTrax system. They can also visit the secretary of state’s website to make a plan to vote in person ahead of or on Election Day. Ballots need to be received by the county clerk by 7 p.m. on that day, so voters should make a plan to mail their ballot at least eight days ahead of time or drop it off in person.

In a primary election, same-party candidates compete to advance as their party’s candidate in the general election in November. In Colorado, registered Republican voters cast ballots in the Republican primaries, Democratic voters cast ballots in the Democratic primaries, and unaffiliated voters cast Republican or Democratic ballots, but not both.

Voters can find their state legislative districts at the General Assembly’s website.

There are eight contested Democratic primaries for seats in the state House of Representatives, a mix of incumbents defending their positions against challengers and new candidates vying for seats that are open due to term limits. Click on a link below to jump to a specific race:

House District 4
House District 6
House District 10
House District 30
House District 31
House District 36
House District 49
House District 52

Colorado Newsline sent surveys to every candidate in a contested primary. The questions are identical, except for one extra question for an incumbent or current state lawmaker and one extra question for a candidate challenging an incumbent.

Colorado Newsline asked a question about ballot initiatives related to property taxes. This year, lawmakers approved a bill aimed at softening the rise in property taxes for homeowners. That law will not take effect, however, if voters approve a ballot measure to cut them further this November. Initiative 50, a property tax revenue cap, and Initiative 108, an assessment rate cut, will be on the ballot if petitioners gather enough signatures.

Candidates’ answers might have been edited for length or clarity and appear in alphabetical order within their race. The candidate’s photo, age, city of residence, and occupation are included when available.

House District 4 includes northwest Denver. Democrat Rep. Tim Hernández was appointed to the seat and is now seeking his first elected term. Serena Gonzales Gutierrez, a Democrat, won the seat in 2022 with 83% of the vote. 

If elected, what would be your top three priorities during the 2025 legislative session?

ESPENOZA: First, I will work with the community to address issues and barriers they have encountered in dealing with existing legislation and or legislators. I will reach out to colleagues to develop a strong working relationship and I will provide an open door to encourage input from any group or individual affected by legislation being considered while I serve in office.

Second, I will propose legislation and evaluate legislation with my legal background to minimize litigation. My experience is an asset I will share to develop sound workable policy for Colorado. For me that policy will always be evaluated by taking into consideration not only the desired outcome, but the longer-term unintended consequences the policy is advancing.

Finally, my first bill is discussed below, and the second bill I hope to bring will address gun safety. I would like to provide an incentive for safe gun storage in the form of a tax credit for those who purchase a gun safe.

HERNÁNDEZ: My top priority is ensuring we continue to preserve fully funded public education, like we did this year for the first time in over a decade. As a teacher, I shouldn’t have to rely on GoFundMes or out-of-pocket expenses to support my students. Fully funding education is an essential investment in our children— our communities depend on their growth and success. In addition to fully funded education I seek to address our housing affordability crisis by expanding tenant protections and rights, as well as, addressing gun violence in our state by passing an assault weapons ban.

What do residents in your district say is the community’s biggest issue, and how will you work to address it?

ESPENOZA: Having spent hundreds of hours talking to voters in House District 4, their greatest concerns center around: 1) the lack of affordable housing and a rapid rise in property taxes; 2) healthcare including reproductive freedom and mental health; and 3) gun safety. Regarding housing, a recurring theme is the property tax impact on fixed income seniors. Many seniors I spoke with no longer have mortgage payments with escrow accounts for their property taxes. For these individuals, taxes must be paid all at once or in two payments. With only a month notice on the actual tax that is levied for the year, payment is very difficult. I believe the burden could be mitigated by giving homeowners additional options. To assist these constituents, I would explore legislation that would spread payments over a longer time than the current options.

HERNÁNDEZ: When talking to community members people are always bringing up housing cost, cost of living, and fully funded schools for their children. These issues are the same issues I have as a teacher living in the Northside. I pay 60% of my income in rent just to live in the community I grew up in. I’ve watched my neighbors be forced out of their homes by skyrocketing costs of living. I wince at the grocery bill each time I go to the store, and I’m underpaid for the vital work I do educating the next generation. I’ve seen firsthand the broken state our public schools are in, and I’ve given up on believing I’ll ever own a home. This struggle is real to me and my community and I am committed to addressing these concerns in collaboration with community stakeholders. To tackle housing, I will advocate for increased affordable housing development to make housing more accessible and strengthen tenant protections. On the issue of cost of living, I will push for policies that alleviate financial pressures on households. This includes advocating for a higher minimum wage, advancing the rights of everyone to be able to collectively bargain in their workplace, and expanding access to affordable healthcare and childcare services. 

For ensuring our schools are fully funded, I could not be more dedicated to ensuring we have well paid teachers, fully funded schools, and learning conditions students can thrive in. I will advocate for increasing state funding for public education and to completely eliminate the Budget Stabilization factor, allowing schools to to reduce class sizes, improve teacher salaries, and enhance educational resources. I will also champion equitable funding models that address disparities in school funding and ensure every student receives a quality education with a funding formula based around student need, not neighborhood means.

The Legislature passed a few key land use bills this year aimed at increasing housing development. What is the state’s role, if any, to increase development and density to address the affordable housing stock issue?

ESPENOZA: As noted above, housing is the number one concern raised by voters at the doors. To address the root causes, we must change land use laws, expand public/private partnerships, and incentivize the building of safe, affordable housing. We must invest in proven programs that support renters and minimize displacement; repurpose abandoned or misused buildings; and stabilize taxes to keep those on fixed incomes from being pushed into homelessness.

HERNÁNDEZ: The state has a role in empowering municipalities to make effective choice about land use and the development of housing. Thus, while we at the State Legislature are working to ensure municipalities have choices like municipal first right of refusal, we should also be working to expand inclusionary zoning, rent-to-own affordable units, eliminating occupancy limits, and allowing property owners to develop ADUs on their property. While increasing the housing stock is important, I also see that in order to keep communities together, we must do it lock-step with anti-gentrification and anti-displacement measures like rent control, for cause eviction, etc. The state should also play a direct role as a statewide social housing developer or empower and fund municipalities seeking to become social housing developers tasked with building high-quality, low-rent, union-labor, publicly-owned housing. If we want to close the racial and economic access gaps we see in our communities, especially in housing, then we must treat housing as a human right.

What is the state’s role in mitigating the effects of climate change on citizens and what specific environmental policies would you support in the Legislature?

ESPENOZA: The state’s role in addressing this issue begins with recognizing that the consequences of climate change create an equity issue. Our communities of color and lower-income areas are hardest hit. The necessary preventive solutions have not been implemented, and our strategy will need to switch to mitigation. Climate change requires investments to protect the most vulnerable communities and ensure clean air and clean water for all Coloradans.

Here are three areas I would support:

Expand Colorado’s renewable energy production and manufacturing to speed up a full transition to renewables
Enforce our air quality standards to protect the communities impacted by pollution, especially around our interstates and industrial areas
Fully fund our forest fire and flood prevention programs to protect communities, as well as our statewide air quality

HERNÁNDEZ: Holding Suncor and other polluters responsible for their harm, and requiring financial penalties, including a loss of license in the state of Colorado, to support remediation. The state also has a deep role in developing data matrixes that allow us to evaluate which communities are most deeply impacted by environmental injustice. We have mere years to reverse the climate emergency — Colorado can and must be a leader in making this reversal possible. In order to advert more severe consequences from climate change and curtail global warming to below 1.5 degrees Celsius we must act to fully funding the just transition plan, ensuring that all nonrenewable energy workers get high-paying, union jobs on renewable energy projects, and pass legislation that requires that the state and municipalities build publicly-owned, union-labor renewable energy projects to make up for the inaction of private energy corporations.

How can the Legislature most effectively address cost-of-living concerns for Coloradans across all backgrounds, including income levels and homeowner/renter status?

ESPENOZA: A 2023 survey by The Colorado Health Foundation found the following as possible solutions to the cost of living problems people face: “… respondents suggested increasing tax credits for low-income Coloradans to address the cost of living, government investments to stimulate the economy and create better-paying jobs, and raising taxes on high-income earners — those making $500,000 or more annually — and putting those taxes toward housing, health care and education.” I agree with these suggestions.

HERNÁNDEZ: We must address cost-of-living concerns first by raising the minimum wage and expanding the right of all workers to unionize, and collectively bargain. Replacing the Colorado Labor Peace Act with an unapologetically pro-worker labor policy will allow more workers across the state to have the protections to collectively bargain for higher wages and better working conditions. But increasing wages solves only a portion of our community’s concerns regarding cost of living — even with increased wages many tenants and homeowners face increasing costs, whether is the lack of controlling rent increases or managing a mortgage with high interest rates. Repealing the statewide ban on rent control and capping rents will allow tenants to remain in their communities longer and not have to worry about rents so quickly outpacing their income. In the short term, for homeowners we should pursue policies that protect consumers from predatory and discriminatory lending practices, while ensuring fair lending practices which can affect the terms and availability of mortgage, as well as providing more support to CHFA to provide more Coloradans with low interest mortgages. However, to truly deliver affordable housing we must treat housing as a human right, and prioritize providing quality affordable housing by developing publicly owned housing. Lastly, we must end the 30 plus year reign of TABOR that has severely limited our ability to support public services, and exacerbated income inequality in our state, by adopting a progressive tax code where people in Colorado who make or own a home over $2,000,000 pay their fair share.

Do you support deeper property tax cuts through ballot initiatives this year that would override the Legislature’s property tax work from the most recent session?

ESPENOZA: I do not.

HERNÁNDEZ: No, I do not. These cuts would destabilize the work we did to ensure that we balance manageable property taxes for homeowners and ensure we have fully funded schools across Colorado. While relief for property owners is a priority of mine, I disagree with an approach that puts our already underfunded schools on the chopping block to make it happen.

Many Coloradans are listing their top issue this election year as democracy and good governance through the statewide Voter Voices project. Do you find any common ground with members of the opposite party, and how important is bipartisanship in your political philosophy?

ESPENOZA: I am running for this seat because I agree that democracy is on the ballot. This is the first time since 2018 that voters will vote in a contested primary to determine who they want to represent HD4. My opponent was appointed to this position by a small vacancy committee. I believe that democracy requires a determination by the electorate who should hold this seat.

In answering the importance of bipartisanship and my ability to navigate working with people who may have a different political philosophy, I would note that I have spent my entire life in rooms where no one else looked like me. I had to figure out how to navigate spaces that weren’t created with women or minorities in mind, and how to be in places where others thought I didn’t belong. With this experience I learned how to listen and work with others to accomplish shared goals. My goal in the legislature will be to work for the common good. With that as a framework, I am sure I can work across the aisle and with members in my own caucus who have different points of view.

HERNÁNDEZ: We have the strongest Democratic majority in Colorado that we have had in the last 80 years. Good governance is contextual, and in our current context, it means that rather than asking if we should work with a super-minority on the other side of the aisle we should be asking why we are not passing bills that supermajorities of our Democratic constituents are asking us to. The other side of the aisle doesn’t have enough votes to govern, and they are often dedicated to ensuring that our Democratic majority struggles to govern effectively more than they are on passing good legislation that helps working people in Colorado. Bipartisanship should not be the only measure to gauge good governance. Good governance would be a super majority of Democrats being unafraid to take hard, progressive votes to enact legislation that the majority of Coloradans want.

Are there any votes the incumbent has taken in the Legislature you disagree with? What are they and why would you have voted differently?

ESPENOZA: I have not studied the votes of my opponent. However, I intend to introduce bills that are legally sound and substantive, which address the concerns of my constituents.

What is one bill, vote or other legislative action you’ve taken that you feel best demonstrates your qualification for reelection?

HERNÁNDEZ: As the first legislator in history to pass the assault weapons ban through the Colorado house, I look forward to returning to the statehouse to find common ground solutions to pass an assault weapons ban and advocate for data-driven approaches to prevent gun violence by investing in solutions in our community needs like housing, education, and high-paying union jobs.

House District 6 comprises parts of Capitol Hill, Congress Park, Montclair and Lowry. Rep. Elisabeth Epps, a Democrat, won the seat in 2022 with about 86% of the vote. 

Epps did not submit a survey response.

If elected, what would be your top three priorities during the 2025 legislative session?

CAMACHO: My number one focus is increasing the supply of housing at all price points. My other top priorities are lowering our cost of living and protecting our land, air, and water. These three issues are the most pressing, consequential, and long-term issues facing Colorado.

What do residents in your district say is the community’s biggest issue, and how will you work to address it?

CAMACHO: While engaging with community members on the campaign trail and in my personal life, I have learned that there are many issues considered top priority depending on the voter, family, and neighborhood. I can confidently say housing is the top priority for many HD6 residents; however, I frequently hear strong concerns about our education system, the climate crisis, Denver’s cost of living, and protecting reproductive freedoms. So, it is difficult to narrow it down to a single issue. I plan to consult with constituents, subject matter experts, interested groups, and colleagues when creating legislation for each critical issue.

The Legislature passed a few key land use bills this year aimed at increasing housing development. What is the state’s role, if any, to increase development and density to address the affordable housing stock issue?

CAMACHO: We are not going to solve this issue without state involvement. The housing shortage is too vast for the private sector and municipalities to solve alone. While I recognize that a community’s needs vary by municipality and region, the state needs to take an active role in ensuring that steps are being taken across the state, especially in Denver, to increase the availability of affordable housing options.

What is the state’s role in mitigating the effects of climate change on citizens and what specific environmental policies would you support in the Legislature?

CAMACHO: We are in a race against time to do our part to mitigate the damage from climate change. The state is essential to ensuring Colorado completes its transition to complete sustainability. The cost of moving to green energy and sustainability will require state resources and partnerships to adopt sustainable practices and infrastructure that will protect Colorado’s land, air, and water. My ideas to address climate change include increasing state investment in renewable energy; providing tax incentives to both businesses and individuals who modernize their vehicles and utilities; incentivizing private-sector investment in large-scale renewable energy infrastructure and technologies; expanding our public transit system so fewer people need to drive personal vehicles every day; and working with conservation scientists to regrow lost forests and promote biodiversity to keep Colorado’s natural splendor.

How can the Legislature most effectively address cost-of-living concerns for Coloradans across all backgrounds, including income levels and homeowner/renter status?

CAMACHO: We need strong action to modernize our land use laws, build affordable housing, and stabilize taxes for those on fixed incomes so that rising property values do not create further housing insecurity. Colorado must also pursue long-term solutions to help prepare our workforce for a changing world. Educational, apprenticeship, and training opportunities that set Coloradans up for high-quality jobs that present opportunities for growth and development will be key to alleviating the high cost of living. Additionally, I am a strong proponent of metro transportation. Gas, insurance, routine maintenance, and loan repayments are expensive and take a financial toll on Coloradans. I see well-functioning public transportation systems as one tool to save Coloradans time and money.

Do you support deeper property tax cuts through ballot initiatives this year that would override the Legislature’s property tax work from the most recent session?

CAMACHO: I have serious concerns that deeper property tax cuts through ballot measures will devastate K-12, higher education, and the vital services Coloradans depend upon. The legislature can continue to work to find a solution to rising property taxes that provides relief for Coloradans and maintains the funding we need to fund our future.

Many Coloradans are listing their top issue this election year as democracy and good governance through the statewide Voter Voices project. Do you find any common ground with members of the opposite party, and how important is bipartisanship in your political philosophy?

CAMACHO: There are always opportunities for bipartisan cooperation. Citizens elect candidates to public office, regardless of party, with the hope that they will fight for issues and policies that can create lasting positive change for the most significant issues facing our state. That type of change cannot happen without bipartisan cooperation, and I intend to work with anyone willing to help deliver bold and positive change for HD6 and Colorado.

Are there any votes the incumbent has taken in the Legislature you disagree with? What are they and why would you have voted differently?

CAMACHO: There are several instances where I would have voted differently from the incumbent. One instance that stands out is voting for the Democratic budget at every opportunity. This year’s budget made significant investments in education, affordable housing, reducing healthcare costs, workforce development, and many other issues that showcase democratic values. I would never have passed up an opportunity to vote to fund these important priorities for our state.

House District 10 is centered in the city of Boulder. Rep. Junie Joseph, a Democrat, won the seat with 88% of the vote in 2022. She was appointed to the Democratic nomination that year after former Rep. Edie Hooton withdrew. 

If elected, what would be your top three priorities during the 2025 legislative session?

JOSEPH: During my first term as House District 10 Representative, I passed 36 bills covering a wide range of crucial topics. These bills, which included pioneering measures such as statewide incentives for decarbonization, a first-in-the-nation e-bike tax credit, and facilitation of licensure for Spanish-speaking childcare providers, were a testament to the power of collaboration and shared vision.

One of the most fulfilling aspects of my legislative work has been turning the ideas and concerns of my constituents into policies that bring tangible improvements to our community. A prime example is the successful expansion of tax benefits to individuals 55 and older who rely on federal Social Security benefits. This initiative, driven by the needs of Boulderites, received overwhelming bipartisan support, bringing tax relief to many low-income members of our community.

In 2023, I spearheaded an eviction protection bill, HB23-1120, which stands as pioneering state law by providing individuals on public assistance with extended mediation opportunities and a 30-day waiting period before facing eviction, mitigating the adverse impacts of sudden homelessness. Similarly, my commitment to equitable access to justice is exemplified through HB24-1286, which establishes an Equal Justice Authority to oversee a fund doubling the resources available for legal aid to low-income individuals and families in Colorado. This proactive measure ensures that economic status does not determine one’s access to a fair legal system.

MUEH: Public education, climate action, and affordability for workers and families.

What do residents in your district say is the community’s biggest issue, and how will you work to address it?

JOSEPH: The biggest issues that are concerning to Community members in Boulder House District 10 are 1) Housing, 2) Public Safety/Homelessness, and 3) environment. House District 10 residents can trust my track record and expect me to remain steadfast in my commitment to environmental sustainability, affordable/attainable housing, and social justice. 

With housing costs continuing to be out of reach for many residents of HD10, affordability in Boulder and across the state is a top priority. I will continue to tackle both the symptoms and the underlying issues. I will advocate for policies focusing on rent stabilization and addressing the interconnected challenges of high housing, childcare, and healthcare expenses. I will continue supporting initiatives that boost economic opportunities, enhance workforce development, and promote affordable housing options.
My goals for addressing homelessness in Boulder and the Denver Metro area involve more than emergency responses to people experiencing unsheltered homelessness. We need comprehensive programs that keep people housed via emergency rental and financial assistance, transitional housing options for people recovering from addiction or mental illness, and permanent supportive housing initiatives for those who need long-term support. Recognizing the unique challenges faced by vulnerable populations, such as foster youth aging out of the system, I will advocate for tailored behavioral health services and transition programs to facilitate stable housing and holistic well-being.
My personal passion for promoting decarbonization and sustainable practices is a driving force behind my initiatives. I will prioritize actions to combat climate change and protect the environment, pushing for legislation that promotes sustainable and renewable energy, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and enhances our cities and state’s resilience to the impacts of climate change.

MUEH: Housing and homelessness differ, but there’s intersection, so both are part of Boulder’s biggest issue. The cost of housing in HD10 is high, and a sizable percentage of people who work or study here can’t live here. Many people live in communities outside of Boulder, which is not ideal for many reasons, including increased vehicle dependency, traffic, and associated pollution. Others living here on the economic edge can become unhoused as market trends intensify, and we also have hundreds of people at any given time in Boulder who are unhoused for other reasons, including mental health challenges and substance use issues. This is a humanitarian problem for unhoused individuals who deal with the hardships of living outdoors. Unregulated encampments and unchecked criminal behaviors pose safety concerns to both unhoused people and community members.

While local governments must play a role, the state government should devote more resources to incentivize permanently affordable housing solutions. I don’t believe that the unregulated market will produce the needed amount of affordable housing for low- and middle-income workers and families without specific affordability requirements. Additionally, I’d advocate for state resources for treatment and needed services, including housing or shelter, for our unhoused population.

The Legislature passed a few key land use bills this year aimed at increasing housing development. What is the state’s role, if any, to increase development and density to address the affordable housing stock issue?

JOSEPH: The state plays a crucial role in ensuring economic strength, which relies on a robust workforce. Access to housing is key to nurturing this workforce. Thus, land use is both a state and local concern. While the state sets mandates, local communities are experts on their land use needs. It’s vital for the state to collaborate closely with local governments to ensure that mandates are practical and actionable. This partnership ensures effective legislation that truly serves the community’s needs.

Land use changes are not enough. We must do more to ensure the community stays housed. According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, housing instability encompasses a number of challenges, including trouble paying rent, overcrowding, moving frequently, or spending the bulk of household income on housing. These experiences negatively affect physical health and make it harder to access health care. Consequently, in order to ensure the stability of those living on the margins in our community we must continue the work to ensure access to attainable housing for all. 

MUEH: I would prefer the state provide guardrails and take a supportive role to address affordable housing, rather than prescribing specifics to communities. Density can certainly increase housing supply, but it will take funding or subsidies to ensure affordability, along with real policy requirements that some new housing be affordable. The state used federal funding through its Affordable Housing Transformational Task Force efforts, and state voters passed Proposition 123 to create long-term state funding for affordable housing. These types of revenue sources can produce actual tangible affordable housing, not just theoretical concepts.

I’m not trying to demonize private sector developers — their prices must meet expenses, provide fair wages, maintain building quality, and be profitable — so the market won’t solve this problem without some government involvement. The cost of land is a huge expense in housing, so I’m in favor of more public landownership to take some land out of the private market where it typically appreciates. It seems Colorado is going to continue to grow, and the state will certainly need more housing if we keep growing, but there is room for local process so people in a community can provide reasonable input.

What is the state’s role in mitigating the effects of climate change on citizens and what specific environmental policies would you support in the Legislature?

JOSEPH: Cities and states each have their roles in educating and serving their communities. While cities are closest to the people and can educate on local issues, the state has the power to enact laws that affect everyone. Climate change, for example, impacts us all, as shown by alarming pollution levels across Colorado. We can’t rely solely on local efforts to combat this global issue. Instead, state legislation can enforce change statewide, making the state Legislature our best tool for impactful environmental action.

MUEH: Mitigating the effects of climate change means we must at least prepare to minimize damage from wildfires or flooding, plus plan to ensure adequate water supplies. I will obviously support high-quality bills to do these things, and I know previous General Assemblies have passed many such bills.

Public safety has to be our top concern, but there are issues associated with disasters like wildfire, including air pollution, potential for erosion, short- or medium-term homelessness, and skyrocketing property insurance costs. So it’s important to mitigate, but it’s also important to minimize climate change-causing greenhouse gas emissions. Colorado should work to decarbonize its electric portfolio, and I support investigating Community Choice Energy to allow localities to increase the renewables in their energy source mix through provider competition.

For transportation, we should pursue more transit with dependable frequencies, moving away from fossil fuel powered vehicles, designing cities to be more favorable for walking or biking, and making sure more people can live near where they work or go to school. I very much enjoyed teaching my middle school science students about climate issues, and I support that outreach to Colorado adults too so we can better understand our climate footprints and take action.

How can the Legislature most effectively address cost-of-living concerns for Coloradans across all backgrounds, including income levels and homeowner/renter status?

JOSEPH: The Legislature holds the key to effectively alleviating cost-of-living burdens for Coloradans of diverse backgrounds, irrespective of income levels or housing arrangements. This can be achieved through a multifaceted approach. The legislature must 1) continue to prioritize affordable housing initiatives, ensuring that every individual and family has access to safe and affordable housing options, 2) work with businesses to secure a livable wage for workers and implement robust wage theft protections to safeguard the rights and financial well-being of all workers across the state, 3) improve access to healthcare for all residents, guaranteeing that medical services are accessible and affordable, regardless of socioeconomic status 4) provide tax incentives for essential goods and services, as well as providing relief from property taxes, thereby lightening the financial burden on households.

MUEH: First, although many approach affordability from a how-do-we-reduce-costs angle, I see Colorado’s lack of collective bargaining rights for many as integral to the problem. I support and will advocate for collective bargaining and organized labor as pathways to improved standard of living for workers and families throughout our state. As with the housing question above, we can’t forget that the private sector typically owns and sets prices for items that contribute to high costs of living. The state government can make dents in this problem through things like targeted subsidies, grant awards, safety net programs, or tax credits.

I do support moving toward some type of rent limitation because so many Coloradans are paying too high a percentage of their income toward rent. It’s a gigantic societal problem because high rent leaves people with less money available for other needs, which are probably also increasing in price. We might attempt to repeal or amend Colorado rent control law, or look at differences between “rent caps” and rent stabilization, housing assistance subsidies, or allowing localized rent policy. Property tax limitations might also help both homeowners and renters, since landlords typically pass the cost of property taxes on to their renters.

Do you support deeper property tax cuts through ballot initiatives this year that would override the Legislature’s property tax work from the most recent session?

JOSEPH: I am committed to bipartisan efforts and collaboration in the legislative process. However, I cannot support any ballot initiatives that seek to override the progress achieved through the collaborative efforts of both branches of government: the legislature and the executive. We have made significant strides, particularly regarding property taxes, through bipartisan cooperation this year, and I will continue to advocate for and uphold these policies.

Furthermore, I am dedicated to informing the Boulder community about any hostile measures that aim to undermine the positive work we have accomplished, particularly in areas such as education, property and income taxes. It is essential that we remain vigilant in protecting the progress we have made for the benefit of all Coloradans.

MUEH: I absolutely understand that property tax bills can be a serious problem for certain Coloradans, but oppose what are now known as Initiatives 50 and 108. With 108, the fiscal analysis suggests that local governments will lose around $3 billion in property tax revenues, but the state government will be on the hook to backfill $2.25 billion out of that — and possibly more in future years. If 50 passes, statewide voter approval will be needed for local governments to retain tax revenue above 4% increases in a given year. My experience with statewide TABOR-related ballot measures suggests that voters will likely strike down measures if values increase more than 4%, even if revenue would go toward beneficial uses.

I’m a long-time educator, and property tax revenues primarily fund school districts, county governments, and special districts. I thought this year’s legislative SB24-233 was a better proposal — limiting tax rates but with much more detail, less impact on a state government that has needs of its own, and more respect for revenue needs of school districts. The legislature can continue to properly address property tax issues in the future, unless they’re tied to rates or limitations through these or similar initiatives.

Many Coloradans are listing their top issue this election year as democracy and good governance through the statewide Voter Voices project. Do you find any common ground with members of the opposite party, and how important is bipartisanship in your political philosophy?

JOSEPH: As a Democrat representing my district, I am committed to bipartisanship because it’s essential to effectively serve all constituents, regardless of party affiliation. I firmly believe that representing both Democrats and Republicans in my district requires collaboration across the aisle. However, I will never compromise or undermine our core democratic values in pursuit of bipartisanship.

Today’s voters are weary of political theatrics and polarization. They yearn for a legislature where meaningful work gets done without unnecessary fanfare. Community members want to feel genuinely heard, knowing that their concerns are being addressed. Bipartisanship plays a crucial role in fostering this sense of inclusivity and ensuring that diverse voices are represented in the decision-making process.

I take pride in my track record of passing bipartisan legislation and will continue to prioritize collaboration as a means of achieving tangible results for the people I represent.

MUEH: There are hot-button issues like reproductive rights or assault weapons for which common ground is tough to find, but most state issues don’t have to be that hyperpartisan. Even with tax policy, there is plenty of ground between the most extreme anti-taxers and people who would like extremely high taxes on the wealthy. With a bipartisan approach, you can deliberate and find the solutions somewhere in the middle that work the best for the most people. I don’t think “bipartisan” has to mean surrendering on core values, and I will listen with curiosity and interest to thoughtful points from across the aisle.

Even if I, or another legislator, strongly supports or opposes a given bill, opposing points can lead to amendments that make a bill better and fairer. In Colorado and many U.S. states, rural areas might lean Republican while urban areas lean Democratic (grossly generalized). Rural residents naturally understand rural issues better than urbanites, so their detailed input will be valuable to me no matter their political party. This idea of listening closely to people with lived experience and deep understanding of a particular issue, regardless of party affiliation, is an important part of representing and leading.

What is one bill, vote or other legislative action you’ve taken that you feel best demonstrates your qualification for reelection?

JOSEPH: As a Boulder representative I’m proud to say that I supported the new “hands-free” law, which prohibits Colorado drivers from using their cellphones while driving. This legislation was a no-brainer for me because it aligns perfectly with our community’s strong commitment to prioritizing biking over driving. By prohibiting cell phone use while driving, we’re taking important steps to ensure the safety of cyclists on our roads, and I stand firmly with all Boulder cyclists in advocating for their right to feel safe while biking around our city.

Additionally, I championed a bill aimed at overhauling our state’s organic waste management system. This decision was driven by my deep understanding of the urgent need to address climate change. I firmly believe that in order to make meaningful progress towards our climate sustainability goals, we must work together to decarbonize our state. By taking action at the legislative level, I am actively contributing to efforts to create a cleaner, greener future for Boulder and beyond.

I am fully committed to representing the values of our Boulder community in my legislative efforts. It’s essential to me that our voices are heard and that our priorities are reflected in the decisions made at the state level. I am grateful to the Boulder community for entrusting me with this responsibility, and I look forward to continuing to advocate for our community’s values in the legislature. 

Are there any votes the incumbent has taken in the Legislature you disagree with? What are they and why would you have voted differently?

MUEH: Rep. Joseph voted to allow a divisive third-reading amendment during the 2023 special session, which would have inserted language into a simple bill providing food assistance to students from low-income families. The amendment would have disallowed use of federal grant money for food products from the West Bank or Gaza. I would have voted against allowing this amendment, as did most legislators, which was pretty clearly a political stunt that posed a threat to an important effort to feed Colorado kids.

Secondly, she had seemingly decided to vote for HB24-1448, a school finance revision, before consulting with local school officials from her school district. The bill would have taken funding from Boulder Valley schools and reallocated it to other districts, and a number of local school officials told Rep. Joseph just that during a late-session town hall meeting. The bill passed, but about 15 Democrats voted “no,” and I would have joined them unless it were amended in ways that wouldn’t cost our local schools and students. Legislators can’t always agree with everyone in their districts, but they should reach out to or listen to relevant elected officials on issues that could affect them.

House District 30 is based in Lakewood. Rep. Chris deGruy Kennedy, who is married to Kyra deGruy Kennedy, currently represents the district and is term-limited. He won the seat with 66% of the vote in 2022.

If elected, what would be your top three priorities during the 2025 legislative session?

DEGRUY KENNEDY: There are so many, but I’ll highlight climate change, gun violence prevention, and building a health system that truly helps people thrive. We’ve made good progress in Colorado reducing fossil fuel use and establishing carbon pollution limits for heavy industry, but we must ensure we implement these policies while accelerating the electrification of buildings and vehicles. We’ve been a national leader on gun violence prevention laws since 2013, but we still need to ban assault weapons, enforce waiting periods and age limits, and significantly increase our investment in mental health. Our health systems are too fragmented and too expensive — we spend more than almost every other country and have worse health outcomes.

The organization I run (Co-Thrive) is funding communities across Colorado to build advanced systems of collaboration between community leadership, healthcare, public health, environmental health, and all the social services a person needs to thrive, and we’re watching people get healthier and happier while saving money to taxpayer systems. Protecting access to abortion care and contraception is also a huge priority, which is why I helped pass the bill codifying abortion in Colorado and am supporting the constitutional amendment on this November’s ballot.

STEWART:

Housing affordability and availability, particularly access to affordable home ownership opportunities.
Increasing mental health support for people who need it, particularly kids in schools.
Supporting living wages for educators and government healthcare providers for attracting and retaining such essential workers.

What do residents in your district say is the community’s biggest issue, and how will you work to address it?

DEGRUY KENNEDY: While some issues come and go, public education has been a top Jeffco priority as long as I’ve been involved. I was proud to play a leadership role in the passage of the 2018 mill and bond ballot measures, which secured meaningful funding for our schools, and I’m proud of the legislature for finally paying off the BS factor this session. But the reality is that Colorado is still one of the worst states for education funding, and we must do better. Our teachers and education support professionals often can’t even afford to live in the communities where they work, which has made it hard to attract and retain enough great teachers and keep class sizes small.

I believe Colorado’s flat income tax is a big part of the problem, and I’m committed to restoring a progressive income tax, like we had before 1986. Big corporations and the wealthiest Coloradans should pay their fair share so we can fully fund our education, health, and social service systems, giving every Coloradan, regardless of your zip code or socioeconomic status, the opportunity to thrive.

Editor’s note: The BS factor refers to the budget stabilization factor, which is the amount of money that lawmakers owed schools based on a funding formula, but choose not to prioritize.

STEWART: Housing affordability and continuing to combat the effects of climate change are the two issues I hear most from people when I’m knocking on doors. Here in Lakewood, I think we’ve built a really good model for cross-governmental collaboration with local nonprofits to best serve our neighbors experiencing homelessness. I see this as part of our broader housing affordability conversation. I’d like to see a more statewide/regional approach and collaboration similar to what we’re doing in our city to serve people and address comprehensive supports like healthcare, employment support, and recovery resources.

The Legislature passed a few key land use bills this year aimed at increasing housing development. What is the state’s role, if any, to increase development and density to address the affordable housing stock issue?

DEGRUY KENNEDY: While it makes sense for local governments to make most land use decisions, the massive shortage of affordable housing units in Colorado has increasingly made housing a statewide concern. Certain factions within city councils have pulled out all the stops to block the construction of new affordable housing, which have exacerbated housing pressures in neighboring cities. The state legislature was right to step in and pass legislation to pressure and incentivize local governments to upzone, especially around transit hubs and corridors. It doesn’t make sense to push for high density housing everywhere, like the unfortunate proposed development near Belmar Park. That said, there are certain parts of my district that are perfect for multifamily housing, like the West Colfax corridor. And if we can push for more housing there, we can also attract new grocery stores, restaurants, and retail in a way that improves the quality of life for our current residents, too.

STEWART: My biggest focus when it comes to affordable housing, is affordable first time home ownership. We need to be focusing on building multifamily options like affordable townhomes and condos. I have personally experienced the high demand and low supply available to first time homebuyers. We lost out on eight offers before finally being able to purchase our townhome, and that was over six years ago. This issue just continues to get worse because of our lack of supply. We have to start having sincere and realistic policy conversations that will ensure that we’re building these types of housing options so more working families can afford to own a home and build generational wealth.

What is the state’s role in mitigating the effects of climate change on citizens and what specific environmental policies would you support in the Legislature?

DEGRUY KENNEDY: The state has an incredibly significant role in addressing climate change from regulating oil and gas and our public utilities to making it easier for homeowners to install solar panels or join community solar or wind programs. So much work has been done since Governor Bill Ritter made climate a state priority nearly 17 years ago, but I’ve seen the way that the oil and gas industry has fought tooth and nail to maintain their profits. This session, when legislators proposed a robust package of legislation to address our poor air quality, the industry filed ballot measures and threatened to spend millions passing measures to undermine all of the state’s progress on climate and air pollution. It is shameful that corporations have so much power that they can undermine the efforts of those who were duly elected by the people of Colorado.

I’m the only candidate in the HD30 race who is refusing campaign contributions from the oil and gas industry, whereas my Democratic primary opponent has accepted donations from 12 different oil and gas lobbyists. Voters can count on me to always put their clean air and clean water ahead of corporate profits.

STEWART: When it comes to climate change, one of the areas I’ve focused on locally is water conservation. Forty percent of municipal water usage is spent on residential landscaping, so I’ve helped create residential landscaping reduction programs that draw down state dollars and I am looking forward to continuing that work at the state Legislature.

We’ve also created an innovative sustainable development menu for new construction with evidence-based options that developers can choose from to build more sustainably, whether it be electrification, universal design, affordability, water/energy efficiency, tree canopy investment, etc. I’m excited for the opportunity to take ideas we’ve successfully implemented locally and explore ways to do that on a larger scale.

How can the Legislature most effectively address cost-of-living concerns for Coloradans across all backgrounds, including income levels and homeowner/renter status?

DEGRUY KENNEDY: The reality is that the high cost of living hits lower and middle income families much harder, whereas there are many Coloradans who are doing just fine. That’s why across-the-board tax cuts are not the best solutions. Rather, we should use targeted tax credits like the EITC and child tax credit to help more families with the high costs of housing, child care, and higher education.

When it comes to housing, there just aren’t enough homes for all the people who live here. That imbalance of supply and demand has driven up rents and home prices. State tax credits to support affordable housing are critical to helping our local housing authorities build more affordable units, and we should continue to prioritize affordable housing (that is actually affordable) near bus lines and light rail stations.

In my work with Co-Thrive, we’re seeing that when we do things differently and actually meet the needs of the folks in our communities, costs are lower for both the individual and the taxpayer system. So in addition to meeting the acute needs of Coloradans through tax policies, I’m committed to redesigning our systems to work more efficiently and effectively for folks with the highest needs.

STEWART: I am very thankful that we recently increased statewide child tax credits to support folks who are deeply affected by the increasing cost of living. The most important thing to keep in mind is that any proposed solution is looked at from an equity standpoint. For example, when we’re talking about property taxes, how are we going to support renters and non-owners in those policy decisions and how do funding changes affect our school and fire districts? It’s really critical that we do our best to ensure that every voice is at the table in these discussions so we have the best outcomes.

Do you support deeper property tax cuts through ballot initiatives this year that would override the Legislature’s property tax work from the most recent session?

DEGRUY KENNEDY: No. SB24-233 was a huge bipartisan success and will give every homeowner a new homestead exemption on their local government property taxes of 10% of the first $700,000 of value, while also protecting funding for K-12 education. The proposed ballot measures are reckless and would deliver deeper property tax cuts at the expense of our schools, fire districts, libraries, and child welfare offices. That’s not a good outcome.

It’s also important to note that local governments can still lower property taxes on their own, and that the state legislature passed a number of important income tax credits to help families, seniors, and all hardworking Coloradans afford the high cost of living in Colorado.

STEWART: I know property taxes have been painful for a lot of folks, particularly homeowners on fixed incomes. My biggest concern with deep cuts in this area is how they will affect our already underfunded school districts, keep our fire districts running so they can protect our communities, and even our local business improvement districts’ ability to provide support for small businesses. I’d prefer we stick with the hard work that was done in the legislature in order to not cause unintentional harm by the effects of deeper cuts at this point in time.

Many Coloradans are listing their top issue this election year as democracy and good governance through the statewide Voter Voices project. Do you find any common ground with members of the opposite party, and how important is bipartisanship in your political philosophy?

DEGRUY KENNEDY: What most people don’t know is that there is a ton of bipartisanship at the state Legislature. In my time advocating at the Capitol through my work with MSU Denver and Young Invincibles, I worked with members of both parties all the time.

We can learn a lot by listening to different perspectives, and that legislation can be made better if we make real efforts to find bipartisanship. Coming from the bible belt in Mobile, Alabama, I’m a bit of a unicorn progressive, in that I have family and friends who are Republican that I respect deeply.

I also believe there are certain issues where finding bipartisanship is nearly impossible, like protecting abortion rights, fighting climate change, and making it harder for people to access high-powered weapons that make mass shootings more deadly. And in those cases, I will always stand up for my daughter’s future.

STEWART: This was such an important lesson to learn and I am so grateful that I had the opportunity to learn it early on in my time as an elected official. Following my election to the Lakewood City Council, I immediately began work on an affordable housing policy that I had run on during the campaign. The measure I was proposing was aggressive and was going to take a lot to get passed. It was suggested I call another colleague (whose views on the matter were pretty opposite of mine) to discuss, and I did. We ended up working together to craft legislation that ended up moving the needle significantly AND also received a bipartisan supermajority of support on the vote. I could not have done that on my own. What we passed was significantly better than what I had initially wanted to do and received absolutely zero pushback from council or the community when it passed. It’s an incredibly valuable lesson that I take with me and informs the way I approach governing now.

House District 31 includes Thornton and extends northeast to Henderson. Rep. Julia Marvin, a Democrat, was appointed to the seat this year via a vacancy committee after former Rep. Said Sharbini stepped down. Sharbini won the seat with 59% of the vote in 2022.

If elected, what would be your top three priorities during the 2025 legislative session?

MARVIN: If elected, my top three priorities during the 2025 legislative session would be:

Affordable housing: I will advocate for policies that continue to address the housing crisis by increasing affordable housing options for both renters and homeowners. This includes supporting initiatives to develop more affordable housing units, bring down costs for renters, and expanding assistance programs for first-time homebuyers.
Reproductive rights and healthcare: I am committed to expanding access to reproductive healthcare services and protecting reproductive rights for all individuals. This includes ensuring access to contraception and abortion services, and fighting against any attempts to restrict reproductive rights.
Mental health issues: I will prioritize efforts to improve access to mental healthcare services and support initiatives that destigmatize mental illness. This includes increasing funding for mental health programs, expanding access to mental healthcare providers, and promoting mental wellness education and awareness campaigns in our communities.

PHILLIPS: I have spent decades as an education rights attorney to help guarantee our next generation’s right to a quality, safe education. I will work tirelessly to ensure that every child in Colorado has access to the top-tier education they deserve, regardless of their background or abilities. My extensive experience as a special education attorney and educator has shown me the importance of — and winning strategies for — addressing the needs of students with disabilities and those from underrepresented communities. I will push for policies that close the achievement gap and provide adequate resources to schools to provide a best-in-class education, attract great teacher talent, and support our next generation of Colorado leaders.

Secondly, protecting women’s rights is crucial, especially in the current climate where these rights are under attack across the nation. I will advocate for comprehensive reproductive health care, including access to safe and legal abortion services.

Lastly, promoting economic justice for working people is my campaign’s heart and soul. I understand the struggles of working-class families, having been a single mother who worked her way through college and law school while supporting her child. I will work to pass legislation that supports fair wages, workers’ rights, and equitable opportunities for all. This includes pushing for criminal justice reforms that address systemic inequalities and expanding the value and strength of unions in Colorado who advocate for their working professionals who keep Colorado moving forward.

What do residents in your district say is the community’s biggest issue, and how will you work to address it?

MARVIN: Residents in my district frequently express concerns about the high cost of living. It’s a significant issue affecting working families and seniors alike. To address this, I support measures that tackle the root causes and provide immediate relief. This legislative session, we passed several initiatives aimed at alleviating financial burdens.

We introduced and expanded tax credits for working families, ensuring they have more money in their pockets. For seniors, we passed property tax exemptions and increased program funding to help manage rising costs. Additionally, we focused on affordable housing by promoting developments near transit hubs and reducing regulatory barriers for accessory dwelling units. These measures, combined with my ongoing commitment to funding education, supporting workers and small businesses,  and improving access to affordable healthcare, demonstrate my dedication to making life more affordable for everyone in our community.

PHILLIPS: Residents in my district have consistently identified affordable housing as the community’s biggest issue. The rising cost of living and housing prices have made it difficult for many families to secure stable and affordable homes. As your next representative, I will work to address this by advocating for policies that increase the availability of attainable, high quality housing and promote sustainable development.

One of my strategies will be to support legislation that reduces the barriers to condo and multi-unit housing construction. We have an entire generation of Coloradans who need homes and you can count the number of condo developers willing to engage with Colorado — one of the fastest growing states in the country — on one hand. We need better-funded mixed-income housing programs and to ensure that we don’t develop homes only for the richest Coloradans, making it harder for middle class families who are the backbone of our state to thrive. Additionally, I will push for funding and support for programs that assist first-time homebuyers, making it easier for families to enter the housing market.

Another critical aspect of addressing this issue is protecting renters’ rights. I will ensure that residents can stay in their homes without fear of sudden displacement and that as Colorado grows, we reverse the tendency for our working families to have to move further and further from their places of work, increasing their commute and decreasing time for their families.

The Legislature passed a few key land use bills this year aimed at increasing housing development. What is the state’s role, if any, to increase development and density to address the affordable housing stock issue?

MARVIN: The state has a crucial role in addressing the affordable housing crisis by enacting laws that promote increased development and density, especially near transit corridors. This year, several key land-use bills were passed to drive down housing costs and enhance connectivity. For instance, House Bill 24-1313 requires local governments to zone for higher density near bus and rail stops, incentivizing affordable housing projects. Additionally, House Bill 24-1152 allows for accessory dwelling units, providing more flexibility in housing options. These measures aim to balance state objectives with local control, ensuring that while overarching guidelines are set, municipalities retain the ability to adapt these policies to their unique circumstances.

However, it is essential to strike a balance between state mandates and local autonomy. While statewide legislation can set the framework for increased housing density and transit-oriented development, local governments must have the flexibility to implement these changes in ways that suit their specific needs and infrastructure capacities. The amendments made to House Bill 1313, which removed punitive measures, exemplify this balanced approach. By collaborating with local authorities and respecting their input, we can effectively address the housing crisis while maintaining the character and needs of our diverse communities.

PHILLIPS:  The state legislature has a crucial role in supporting housing development and density to address our affordable housing stock issue. Firstly, the state can provide strategic support to local governments and developers to encourage the construction of units which address the many different types of housing needs in Colorado. This includes grants, enhanced support for planning and permitting, and low-interest loans that make it financially viable for developers to build quality, attainable housing.

Secondly, the state must play a role in streamlining the regulatory process for housing development. By reducing bureaucratic red tape and clarifying approval processes for affordable housing projects, the state can help ensure that these projects move forward more quickly and efficiently. This also involves updating zoning laws to allow for higher density developments in areas where it makes sense, such as near public transportation hubs and urban centers. This requires a more effective partnership with our transit authorities.

Additionally, the state can support the development of mixed-use communities that combine residential, commercial, and recreational spaces. This approach not only addresses the need for affordable housing but also promotes sustainable and vibrant communities.

What is the state’s role in mitigating the effects of climate change on citizens and what specific environmental policies would you support in the Legislature?

MARVIN: The state plays a crucial role in mitigating the effects of climate change, and I am committed to advancing policies that address this urgent issue. My legislative focus includes expanding clean and renewable energy, funding affordable transportation options, implementing land use reforms to support greener and more affordable housing, and enforcing stricter air quality standards. This includes supporting bills like SB24-229 and SB24-230, which enhance emissions controls and generate funds to mitigate fossil fuel impacts.

Additionally, water conservation is a top priority, given our severe drought conditions. Cooperative efforts with other states and bold actions to protect our water resources are essential. Ensuring that environmental policies prioritize the health and safety of all communities, especially those disproportionately impacted, is fundamental to creating a sustainable and equitable future for all Coloradans.

PHILLIPS: The state must lead by example in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting renewable energy sources. This includes setting ambitious targets for carbon neutral energy generation and investing in clean energy infrastructure such as wind, solar, and hydroelectric power.

Critically, this includes supporting the continued training and skill development of the more than 300,000 Coloradans who work in the energy industry, many of whom are right in my own House District. In our fight against climate change and efforts to improve sustainability statewide, we must ensure we do not forget our residents who are just trying to keep the lights on — both theirs, and ours.

Another critical area is the protection of natural habitats and greenspaces here in Colorado that act as carbon sinks. I will advocate for policies that promote sustainable land use practices and conservation efforts to preserve these vital areas and help residents access them for recreation,

Additionally, Colorado must invest in climate resilience infrastructure to protect our communities from the impacts of climate change. This includes improving water management systems, enhancing emergency response capabilities, and supporting community-based adaptation projects. In particular, we must seek advanced fire prevention and response efforts to avoid future catastrophes like the nearby Marshall Fire of 2021 which caused over $500,000,000 in damage and at least three deaths.

How can the Legislature most effectively address cost-of-living concerns for Coloradans across all backgrounds, including income levels and homeowner/renter status?

MARVIN: We need to implement a comprehensive approach that targets various aspects of affordability. This includes measures to increase wages and employment opportunities, reduce housing costs, provide affordable healthcare, and lower the burden of everyday expenses such as childcare and transportation.

To address housing affordability, the Legislature can support policies that promote the construction of affordable housing units and incentivize landlords to maintain reasonable rent prices. Additionally, initiatives to expand homeownership opportunities, such as down payment assistance programs, can help make owning a home more accessible.

For renters, implementing stronger tenant protections, can provide stability and security. Furthermore, investing in public transportation infrastructure and affordable childcare options can alleviate the financial strain on families and individuals, making it easier to afford basic necessities.

By taking a multifaceted approach that considers the needs of all residents, regardless of income level or housing status, the Legislature can make meaningful strides towards addressing cost-of-living concerns and improving the overall quality of life for Coloradans.

PHILLIPS: Firstly, increasing the availability of high-quality, attainable housing is paramount. This involves supporting the development of more affordable housing units, providing rental assistance programs, and supporting Colorado renters to add confidence and clarity to their cost of living.

Secondly, we must significantly expand access to apprenticeship and job training programs in Colorado to more effectively address the wage gap between our low-income and middle-income households. When we help Colorado’s workforce develop professional and trades skills, not only do we elevate thousands of Coloradans’ access to durable, well-paying careers and expand our middle class, but families can more easily afford life beyond the basic necessities. This virtuous cycle helps Colorado’s economy fill the gaps in many of our professional trades which can make getting quality plumbing, HVAC, and automotive services difficult.

The Legislature must also address the cost of essential services, such as quality healthcare, access to reliable childcare, and utilities. Expanding access to affordable healthcare through better coordinated federal programs and initiatives can significantly reduce out-of-pocket expenses for families. Similarly, building more effective public-private programs for childcare assistance and workforce training programs can help working parents afford quality childcare without compromising their financial stability, and support access to quality childcare options.

Finally, Colorado must modernize its relationship with its public transportation infrastructure and act like the 6 million resident state that it is.

Do you support deeper property tax cuts through ballot initiatives this year that would override the Legislature’s property tax work from the most recent session?

MARVIN: This year, we made significant progress with the passage of Senate Bill 24-233, which I supported. This bipartisan legislation represents the largest property tax reduction in 20 years. It was the result of intense negotiations and collaboration among lawmakers, the governor’s office, nonprofits, business leaders, and various stakeholders across the state.

While I understand the appeal of deeper property tax cuts through ballot initiatives, the solution we achieved through SB24-233 is comprehensive and balanced. It provides immediate financial relief to homeowners and business owners while ensuring that the necessary funding for schools, fire districts, and local governments is maintained. Our approach reflects a carefully crafted compromise that addresses the urgent need for tax relief without jeopardizing essential public services.

Bipartisanship was crucial in reaching this agreement. The successful negotiation of SB24-233 demonstrated that when we come together and put politics aside, we can achieve meaningful results for the people of Colorado.

Given the extensive efforts and the broad consensus that underpinned SB24-233, I do not support additional ballot initiatives that would override the Legislature’s work. Such measures could introduce uncertainty and potentially undermine the stability we have worked hard to achieve. I believe it is more prudent to allow the reforms from SB24-233 to take effect and assess their impact before considering further changes.

PHILLIPS: While property tax cuts can provide immediate relief to homeowners, they must be carefully balanced with the need to fund essential public services. I believe any proposal for deeper property tax cuts should be evaluated in the context of its broader impact on state and local budgets, particularly on funding for education, public safety, and our aging infrastructure.

Families across Colorado are suffering — and while property tax reductions give homeowners a much-needed break, overriding these measures with deeper cuts could potentially jeopardize this balance and lead to underfunding of critical services, while leaving our significant population of Colorado families who rent in the dust.

It is essential to consider the long-term implications of such cuts and ensure that they do not undermine the quality of public services that residents rely on. These types of sweeping cuts are easy to write, but they lack the precision of good government. I advocate for targeted relief measures that help our most vulnerable populations, such as low-income homeowners and our seniors, without compromising the financial stability of our state and local governments.

Many Coloradans are listing their top issue this election year as democracy and good governance through the statewide Voter Voices project. Do you find any common ground with members of the opposite party, and how important is bipartisanship in your political philosophy?

MARVIN: My dedication to public service is firmly rooted in the belief that progress is achieved through collaboration and relationship-building across party lines. Throughout my time on Thornton City Council and now in the state Legislature, I have consistently prioritized working together with colleagues from all backgrounds to find common ground and deliver tangible results for my constituents. This approach has been instrumental in addressing key issues such as clean air, prenatal health, and campaign finance reform. By leveraging my skills in building relationships, I have been able to forge partnerships and reach compromises that translate constituent concerns into actionable legislation.

In my political philosophy, bipartisanship is not just important — it is essential. While some bills are never going to be bipartisan based on ideologies and values, there are many others where we can find common ground. Compromise fosters long-term stability and acceptance, as people are more likely to support policies that consider their interests. It encourages creative problem-solving and innovation by bringing together different perspectives. It embodies democratic values, showing respect for diverse views and a commitment to serving the public good. In essence, compromise isn’t just about making concessions; it’s about finding the best possible solutions that work for everyone.

PHILLIPS: Coloradans working together has been one of the critical components to defining our Colorado way of life. Indeed, democracy and long-term governance requires collaboration, open dialogue, and ensuring folks from all walks of life have a voice at the table. My experience as a city council member and civil rights attorney has taught me the value of reaching across the aisle, treating folks like the humans they are, and understanding their intentions can help us achieve meaningful outcomes.

One area where I see potential for common ground is in promoting transparency and accountability in government. Both parties can agree on the importance of an open government that operates with integrity and serves the public interest. We must build back trust and confidence in our government. When our residents know what’s going on in their backyard and how their tax dollars are being spent, we all win. I’ve always had an open door policy for constituents because when we have open and respectful dialogue, we can better understand the needs of everyone in our state and that means the bills we write help more Coloradans, more effectively.

What is one bill, vote or other legislative action you’ve taken that you feel best demonstrates your qualification for reelection?

MARVIN: One legislative action that I believe best demonstrates my qualification for reelection is my work on House Bill 24-1456, aimed at combating the growing congenital syphilis crisis in Colorado. Shortly after joining the legislature, I learned from the Adams County Health Department about a shocking 625% increase in congenital syphilis cases in my district. This alarming trend reflects a statewide crisis, with a 900% increase since 2017 and projections indicating a fourfold rise in cases in 2024 compared to 2023.

HB24-1456, was developed in collaboration with local health departments and public health authorities. It followed a public health emergency order from the governor’s office that mandates additional testing for congenital syphilis during pregnancy to catch and treat the infection early, thereby preventing severe complications and infant deaths. HB24-1456 complemented that order with a comprehensive, evolving response by empowering the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) to conduct emergency rulemaking and requiring the publication of de-identified case data to aid local agencies in their targeted responses. This bill highlights my commitment to addressing urgent issues through collaborative, data-driven solutions and proactive legislative measures, and working with stakeholders and constituents to solve problems.

Are there any votes the incumbent has taken in the Legislature you disagree with? What are they and why would you have voted differently?

PHILLIPS: With both chambers of the state legislature potentially having a supermajority next legislative session for the Colorado Democrats, who we send to the House in this seat matters a great deal.

Colorado’s cost of living and housing access has never felt more difficult in my lifetime. As I knock on doors around Thornton, parents tell me their confidence in our schools has waned, and teachers tell me they feel unsupported and underpaid. My fellow workers tell me they struggle to make ends meet, while small business owners tell me they can’t find the skilled workforce they need to compete. Our older neighbors tell me they’re struggling to keep up with the cost of living, while we debate — but then kill — bills like the popular SB24-106 defects bill which would have brought Colorado in line with other U.S. states and helped drive more condo construction.

I’m running for state House because Thornton deserves an outcome-oriented leader who will spend her time on bills which will move the needle for Coloradans, work with her peers to drive pragmatic solutions to Colorado’s problems, and pass comprehensive legislation rather than stopgap bills. SB24-159, for which my opponent was a prime sponsor, would have resulted in massive disruption to Colorado’s economy, and up to 300,000 Colorado families’ source of income without a single tactic for re-training those affected or any form of financial assistance. While I’m glad we killed the bill in committee, I’m committed to spending our limited legislative time on measures which will improve our quality of life, expand Colorado’s middle class, enable access for fair and quality housing, and help expand Colorado’s sustainability in a comprehensive, equitable way.

House District 36 includes north and east Aurora and parts of Arapahoe and Adams counties. It is current represented by Rep. Mike Weissman, who won with 64% of the vote in 2022 and is term limited in the House.

Carter did not submit a response.

If elected, what would be your top three priorities during the 2025 legislative session?

LINDSTROM:

Addressing the skyrocketing cost of living, particularly housing costs. We have some of the fastest increasing food prices and house prices in the country.
Fully Funded Public Education. Even after buying down the BS factor we are only at 1989 education funding levels. We have teachers leaving in droves because we don’t have the resources we need.
Expanding worker protections. Colorado is a de facto “right to work” state that leads to lower salaries, worse benefits, and worse working conditions. I want to make Colorado a strong pro-worker state.

What do residents in your district say is the community’s biggest issue, and how will you work to address it?

LINDSTROM: Cost of living is the number one issue with almost every person I talk to. Housing costs are skyrocketing and wages are keeping up. I will address it by taking on the Corporate Lobby that fights to block good housing and worker policies and fight to pass policies that keep people housed and make it easier for first time homebuyers to get into the market. I believe we need to take every step possible toward housing everyone.

The Legislature passed a few key land use bills this year aimed at increasing housing development. What is the state’s role, if any, to increase development and density to address the affordable housing stock issue?

LINDSTROM: It should be one of the state’s top priorities. Expanding housing access and affordability impacts everything. If housing is addressed, students learn better and move around less. If housing is addressed, people will have to drive shorter distances to work which reduces pollution. Keeping people housed and stable reduces crime. It is the number one issue we need to tackle and my community is demanding it.

What is the state’s role in mitigating the effects of climate change on citizens and what specific environmental policies would you support in the Legislature?

LINDSTROM: It is definitely an issue the state should address. We need to incentivize investment in wind, solar, geothermal, etc., and invest in public transit to reduce emissions. With that said, we need to ensure this transition is using union labor, high paying jobs with benefits and pensions. We can’t leave behind working people in the process

How can the Legislature most effectively address cost-of-living concerns for Coloradans across all backgrounds, including income levels and homeowner/renter status?

LINDSTROM: Housing costs is the most expensive bill that people pay and things we can do is allow for rent stabilization, prevent corporations from owning residential property, utilize vacancy fees and other tools to reduce housing costs. But we also have to strengthen the ability for workers to organize so we can collectively increase wages and benefits and we should also incentivize worker-cooperatives to expand ownership and economic stability. We should also zone so mixed income housing is being developed in the same areas, expand community land trusts, and countless other fantastic measures we know work.

Do you support deeper property tax cuts through ballot initiatives this year that would override the Legislature’s property tax work from the most recent session?

LINDSTROM: I do not support any of the property tax cuts that are on the ballot this year, however, I would like to tax properties you live in differently than those used to make money off of so we can reduce taxes for those with one home without cutting taxes for the ultra-wealthy.

Many Coloradans are listing their top issue this election year as democracy and good governance through the statewide Voter Voices project. Do you find any common ground with members of the opposite party, and how important is bipartisanship in your political philosophy?

LINDSTROM: I find a lot of common ground with everyday people from all parties. Everyone wants fully funded schools, safe communities, and a government that actually meets their needs. However, elected officials from all parties fall into partisanship and social media wars and a lot of other antics to build power for themselves rather than their communities. So I find it important to try to serve my entire district, regardless of party, but I don’t think a bill being partisan or bipartisan speaks at all to the nature of how well it serves the people. Especially in Colorado, there are many elected officials that are committed to voting no on anything and I have no interest in working with people who do not engage in good-faith.

House District 49 spans from the Interstate 70 corridor to the Wyoming border and includes western Boulder County as its main population center. It is currently represented by Rep. Judy Amabile, a Democrat who won the seat with 64% of the vote in 2022 and is now seeking a Senate seat.

If elected, what would be your top three priorities during the 2025 legislative session?

SMITH: I had intended to run for re-election as CU regent at-large, but we are in a climate crisis. I decided to run to bring my expertise as a water scientist focusing on greenhouse gas emissions to the statehouse. I believe we must transition to a 100% clean energy economy to stop the devastating effects of climate change. We must develop robust plans for this transition. This will be my top priority.

Public education is also a top priority for me. We need to pay our teachers and staff the salaries they deserve. We need to provide an equitable education to all our students. A college education is out of reach for too many. I will fight to better fund both K-12 and higher education.

Affordability of housing and healthcare is a universal issue I’ve been hearing about across the district and the state. I look forward to seeing if the new legislation makes a sizable dent in housing stock and affordability. I believe healthcare is a basic human right. I will fight to ensure everyone has universal healthcare.

WOODFIN: 1. Greater access to mental healthcare for people of all geographies and socioeconomic status. I want to enact policies that increase the number of Medicaid mental health providers, and ensure both patients and providers have ease of access to reimbursement mechanisms. 2. Protect and enhance women’s reproductive rights in the state of Colorado, and ensure that state employees’ insurance covers all reproductive healthcare. 3. Develop initiatives that protect communities from wildfire, violent storms, and other climate-related disasters. This includes developing and funding robust, community-based forest mitigation that preserves the integrity of forest ecology while reducing fuels.

What do residents in your district say is the community’s biggest issue, and how will you work to address it?

SMITH: HD49 is geographically diverse. It is mostly mountain rural, but its population is dominated by the western part of Boulder with western Larimer, Gilpin, and Clear Creek counties making up the rest of the district. Despite its size, I have found there is a commonality in issues across the district: resilience to catastrophic fires and floods, forest health, water availability, and access to home insurance because the district is prone to fires. HB23-1288, Fair Plan, provides insurance through the state to homeowners where home insurance is no longer available. I will be interested to see if this provides enough relief for homeowners. If not, then more money will be required to address the shortfall.

A common issue across most of the counties is dispersed shooting in sparsely populated areas on Forest Service Land. Representative Amabile has tried to pass legislation to regulate this and has not been successful. I will take this issue up next year, if elected. The issue of affordable housing comes up in all my discussions. In denser areas, like Boulder, I think the recently passed law to encourage denser housing is a good step forward in providing more housing that is potentially more climate friendly.

WOODFIN: Finding the one issue that unites residents in a district as vast as HD-49 is difficult, but there are some common issues that I hear regularly, from difficulty of accessing essential services in mountain communities, to the need for robust fire mitigation. However, what I hear more than anything — and a big part of why I am running — is that people in the district are concerned about the state of our democracy and want to see more civil dialogue. I intend to address this, both currently in my campaign, and then when I am elected into office, by consistently talking across political divides and finding common ground despite different approaches to policy.

The Legislature passed a few key land use bills this year aimed at increasing housing development. What is the state’s role, if any, to increase development and density to address the affordable housing stock issue?

SMITH: As a former school board member, who held local control tightly as one of our tenants, I am a strong proponent of local control. Last year, when SB23-213 was introduced, I heard from elected officials from across HD-49 that that there was no stake holding and they did not want the heavy hand of the state dictating local control of land use policy. The bill died on the clock, and legislators did their stake holding and broke the bill down into several more palatable bites. The bill that mandates municipalities to develop their own housing plans with actionable items is a great start. Clear Creek County has already done this. They found Idaho Springs needs housing for workers, while Georgetown needs housing for those aging in place. This is a clear illustration that a one size fits all approach does not work. I think increasing density along transportation corridors is a good idea. I prefer the carrot to the big stick approach. The state could help this move forward with incentives. If after trying this approach, the needle is not moving on increasing affordable housing stock, then I would be open to exploring stronger measures like regulation of land use.

WOODFIN: I do think the state plays a limited role in both ensuring and encouraging municipalities and counties to make permanently affordable housing available. In some cases, this does mean overriding exclusionary zoning or discriminatory zoning practices. In other cases, this means legislating a minimum availability of affordable housing in every community. The legislature also needs to tackle the high rate of vacant housing (usually owned by out-of-state investors).

What is the state’s role in mitigating the effects of climate change on citizens and what specific environmental policies would you support in the Legislature?

SMITH:The state plays a key role in mitigating the effects of climate change because the Colorado Energy & Carbon Management Commission’s (ECMC) mission is to regulate the development and production of the natural resources of oil and gas, a major contributor to climate change. We need to develop a clear plan for the transition to clean energy that won’t shock the state’s economy and workers in the fossil fuel industry. I would like to see a multi-pronged plan that includes the following. 1) Strictly clamp down now on methane emissions from fossil fuel activities and orphan wells. 2) Bring new clean energy technologies online. 3) Exponentially expand the infrastructure that supports the transportation of clean energy and make it more resilient to climate change by undergrounding power lines. SB24–218, Modernize Energy Distribution Systems, will help with this. 4) Retool workers to provide them the skills that will allow them to continue having well-paying jobs. Some trades, like the pipefitters, should be able to transition their work from extracting and transporting oil and gas to transporting energy created by geothermal and green hydrogen technologies.

WOODFIN: The state’s role is to encourage, invest in, and incentivize both a transition to energy and industry that does not create greenhouse gasses, and also to encourage citizens to live sustainable lifestyles by creating better public transportation infrastructure and more walkable cities and towns. I would support and sponsor legislation of green jobs and green workforce initiatives that gives workers an opportunity to re-train and develop skills for a green economy. I also see the state playing a large role in funding wildfire mitigation efforts across the state through grants to local fire protection districts.

How can the Legislature most effectively address cost-of-living concerns for Coloradans across all backgrounds, including income levels and homeowner/renter status?

SMITH: The Legislature made strides this session in addressing cost-of-living concerns. The Family Affordability Tax Credit, provides a tax credit per child and is stepped depending on the age of the children. This will put more money into the hands of lower income families and is estimated that the childhood poverty rate will decrease by 50. Homeowners are reeling from the steep increase in property values and, in turn, increased property tax rates. For those on a fixed income, some fear that they may not be able to continue living in their homes. The Legislature is trying to alleviate the sharp increase in rates through SB24-233, which reduces the valuation from an estimated 7.06% of the actual value of the property to 6.7% of the amount equal to the actual value of the property minus the lesser of $55,000 or the alternate amount. The cost of childcare is a financial burden for families. The state started providing 10 hours of free preschool for all children, but this has become unsustainable. I would be a proponent of a sliding-cost scale with family of means paying full tuition and lower income families continuing to receive free pre-school.

Editor’s note: Colorado’s Universal Preschool program provides between 10 and 15 hours per week.

WOODFIN: The legislature must ensure a fair and livable wage for all workers in the state of Colorado. Furthermore, the legislature needs to enforce existing labor laws and ensure that all workers have the right to engage in collective bargaining.

Do you support deeper property tax cuts through ballot initiatives this year that would override the Legislature’s property tax work from the most recent session?

SMITH: I absolutely do not support deeper property tax cuts through this year’s ballot initiatives. We are the only state in the nation that has passed something like TABOR, and it has been a disaster for our state. As a former school board member during the 2008 depression and as a CU regent, I have seen the devastating impact TABOR has had on funding for both K-12 and higher education. We do not need more ballot measures that will diminish the state’s coffers. Despite what people think, Colorado ranks in the bottom half nationally when it comes to property taxes. The sudden rise in valuations is complicated and linked to the repeal of the Gallagher amendment a few years ago. The legislature worked in a bipartisan manner with two Republican and two Democratic bill sponsors to develop a grand compromise, SB24-233, which will provide certainty on property taxes while protecting school districts and local governments from devastating cuts to their budgets. Initially, the Advance Colorado Institute was onboard with the compromise but reneged. I will work hard to help defeat the ballot initiatives if they both make the ballot in November.

WOODFIN: I support a property tax circuit-breaker for low and some middle-income homeowners so that the rapidly rising cost of property tax and homeowner’s insurance does not force homeowners to vacate their homes. Currently, Colorado ensures property tax breaks for seniors and people on disability. However, this does not protect those on fixed or low-income who cannot afford the increase in taxes and the concurrent increase in homeowner’s insurance.

Many Coloradans are listing their top issue this election year as democracy and good governance through the statewide Voter Voices project. Do you find any common ground with members of the opposite party, and how important is bipartisanship in your political philosophy?

SMITH: I serve on a partisan board as a CU regent, which was Republican-dominated before 2022. I had to reach out to my Republican colleagues to get anything done; I have many examples. First, the climate strikes started in spring 2019. There was enthusiasm to do more on the sustainability front. I teamed up with a Republican regent to suggest to the new president, who formerly had been a Republican congressman, to use presidential funds to celebrate the 50th anniversary of Earth Day by developing a competition, The Sustainability Challenge, with cash prizes. He remembered planting a tree on that Earth Day and thought it was a terrific idea. This effort snowballed into including sustainability with measurable goals into the system’s first strategic plan.

Second, after meeting with American Indian students with another Democratic regent, we were able to persuade some of the Republican regents that the system should have a Land Acknowledgement. We also suggested a bill that allows out-of-state American Indian students to pay in-state tuition. The Republican regents agreed, and the bill was passed. Finally, we have bipartisan chair and vice chair positions. My vice chair was the Republican that ran against me and had been appointed to the vacant CD5 seat!

WOODFIN: Absolutely, and this is a cornerstone of my campaign. While many may label my policy positions as progressive, I also see our current political divide in the context of a so-called culture war. I am a rural mountain resident who is a veteran and who hunts for my own sustenance; I also work with wood from our mountain land and can fix my own tractor (sometimes); these are not the attributes that some may ascribe to the “Democratic elite.”

I think we need to break down the preconceptions we bring to our politics and get to know each other as humans, and I will do that with my fellow legislators across the aisle. I will also engage on policy issues that I think may have done some harm. For example, while I like the idea of wolves, I think the way we went about reintroducing them was flawed and alienated a good portion of rural Colorado. Many people west of the continental divide are frustrated because they see wolf reintroduction as an imposition from Front Range voters, and I cannot help but see their perspective on this. I also am unafraid to speak with people who are concerned about the 2nd Amendment. While I am in favor of stricter gun control measures and would like to see deep background checks (for example), I will not push this without sitting down with and having long-form conversations with those who oppose gun control. These are the nuanced discussions I will continue to have when I am in office.

House District 52 includes southern Fort Collins west of Interstate 25. It is currently represented by Democratic Rep. Cathy Kipp, who won the seat in 2022 with 65% of the vote.

If elected, what would be your top three priorities during the 2025 legislative session?

ZOKAIE: Public Education Funding: This year, our neighborhood schools faced closure. We need a public education champion that will rework our school funding formula, and I have a detailed tax plan to get this done. I am running with support from our teachers, school board members and current Fort Collins representatives (incumbent Cathy Kipp and Andy Boesenecker) because they know I am committed to getting our schools the resources they need.

Progressive Tax Policy: As a tax attorney, I know that our middle earners disproportionately bear the tax burden. We can use our tax code to take care of our most vulnerable community members and end child poverty. Additionally, our property tax system needs work. Out-of-state corporate owners, who own a significant portion of the housing stock in Fort Collins, should be paying in at a higher rate.

Healthcare for All: I support a single payer healthcare system. I hope to pass a study bill next year. No one should go bankrupt because they got sick, and I have heard some truly heartbreaking stories on the campaign trail. I will always fight to protect our reproductive rights and make sure reproductive healthcare is accessible for all Coloradans, including those on Medicaid.

Clean Air and Water: We need to transition to renewable energy, invest in public transportation, and hold our top polluters accountable. I refuse funding from the fossil fuel industry.

TREICK: Increase Affordability: We need to create an economy that works better for everyone. Too many people in our state are struggling with barriers such as affordable housing, childcare or access to transportation, and paychecks are not going as far. Additionally, I will lead on workforce development to ensure workers are equipped for current and future job opportunities through apprenticeships, re-skilling and upskilling.

Protecting our Environment: Air quality is a top concern for many in Fort Collins and communities up and down the Front Range. The air we breathe and the water we drink are critically important to our quality of life. Our work on affordable housing is part of the solution, but we must also ensure utilities meet their renewable energy goals, and decrease emissions related to oil and gas production, transportation, and industrial operations.

Health Equity and Access: I believe healthcare is a fundamental right, not a privilege. We must increase access and equity, including for reproductive and mental healthcare, and develop innovative solutions to address root causes such as economic disparities, trauma and discrimination.

What do residents in your district say is the community’s biggest issue, and how will you work to address it?

ZOKAIE: The residents of House District 52 are concerned about school closures. We came very close to having to close neighborhood schools this year, and it has highlighted the importance of electing a public education champion (i.e. someone that is not backed by those seeking to privatize education). As someone who learned English in public school, this issue is close to my heart. School closures impact the entire neighborhood, but it is our vulnerable kids that will suffer the most. I am committed to making sure our schools get the resources they need. We must increase per pupil funding, advocate for higher teacher pay, and ensure that all our schools are transparent about their funding. I will do whatever it takes to save our schools.

TREICK: I’ve knocked on thousands of doors talking with people in our community about the issues most important to them. The top issue I hear is affordable housing. To solve our affordable housing crisis, we need an all of the above approach to increase development of all types of housing and provide a diversity of options for residents at all stages of life.

I will prioritize developing more housing especially in areas near public transportation, extend affordability requirements on any project that utilizes public funds, and address corporate housing ownership. I will work to foster public private partnerships to increase workforce housing development and encourage collaboration to address the availability and cost of water as a major component of the price of new housing. Wages are also a root cause of our housing crisis, and I will continue to push for livable wages for workers and equal pay for equal work. We must ensure the right of representation for both renters and property owners and educate tenants about their rights and protections. Lastly, state and local governments should streamline the process that ties affordable housing projects up in red tape, increasing the cost to bring these projects to market.

The Legislature passed a few key land use bills this year aimed at increasing housing development. What is the state’s role, if any, to increase development and density to address the affordable housing stock issue?

ZOKAIE: Housing is certainly an issue of statewide concern, and the state needs to address the housing crisis. We also need to be mindful of how we make these changes, as each locality has unique and diverse needs. I am especially concerned about gentrification and making sure that we do not displace any communities of color.

We must build more affordable housing. I support partnering with a government builder to create housing that is at a lower price point. I know there are members of the legislature who are exploring inclusionary zoning, and I look forward to joining their efforts. A housing plan must also go hand in hand with a transit plan. Increasing public transportation helps with affordability as no one area becomes more desirable. Finally, I often see candidates and elected officials discuss the affordable housing crisis without also discussing services for those going through homelessness. Homelessness is a manifestation of failed housing policy. We must provide these crucial services and support our renters in order to keep Coloradans housed.

TREICK: Colorado is in an affordable housing crisis and the state must work with local governments to encourage more housing options. Recognizing local control, the state should play the role of facilitator, collaborator and can provide technical assistance, but it’s important to examine the issue on a regional or statewide basis.

What is the state’s role in mitigating the effects of climate change on citizens and what specific environmental policies would you support in the Legislature?

ZOKAIE: There is no Planet B — we must do everything in our power to mitigate the effects of climate change. We must also recognize that while this issue impacts everyone, low-income communities and communities of color are disproportionately impacted. I support a just transition to clean renewable energy and providing incentives for people and businesses to make energy efficiency upgrades. I will protect our public lands from drilling and preserve our wildlife habitats. We must conserve the water we do have, protect our rivers and streams, and continue to research water recycling.

I refuse donations from the fossil fuel industry because I only want to be beholden to my Fort Collins community. I am the only HD52 candidate endorsed by Sierra Club and Conservation Colorado, because I have a proven track record of holding top polluters accountable and they know I am dedicated to making sure everyone has clean air and water.

TREICK: Climate change is a matter of statewide concern and the state’s role is to set policy to mitigate its effects. For years, I collaborated with others to fight for environmental justice, pass state-level policies to promote energy efficiency and renewable energy, as well as improve air quality and create new jobs.

Air quality is a top priority for residents of Fort Collins and my experience at the Colorado Capitol is invaluable as we work to protect our environment.

I will ensure our utility companies meet their 100 renewable energy generation goal by 2050 or earlier, eliminate greenhouse gas emissions from oil and gas production, reduce methane emissions from landfills and coal mining, and continue to invest in industrial decarbonization projects. I will invest in public transit and address market conditions to encourage the development of more affordable housing, especially in transit corridors, to decrease commute distances.

I’m dedicated to making sure we continue investments into forest health, wildfire mitigation and restoration, including our workforce to manage fires and the aftermath as it relates to forest health and the watershed. I will increase regional and statewide collaboration on water, address equity issues, and encourage more conservation and flexibility in the system.

How can the Legislature most effectively address cost-of-living concerns for Coloradans across all backgrounds, including income levels and homeowner/renter status?

ZOKAIE: It’s never been harder to make ends meet. As someone who grew up in a working-class immigrant family, and who is working while campaigning to put food on the table, I understand the hardships our residents are facing. I support measures to assist renters with the cost of rent and housing stability. I also think we need targeted property tax relief. We should increase the assessment rate for out of state corporate owners to make this relief possible.

One of my priorities is increasing tax credits for our most vulnerable residents, and building the infrastructure to pay out these credits without requiring a tax return to be filed. People who are not native English speakers or who are lower income are much less likely to file a tax return. We know that our vulnerable populations miss out on credits aimed to help them. If we are able to pass my plan, we would significantly reduce child poverty in Colorado.

TREICK: For more than a decade I have advocated for opportunities and resources that support the success of community members. Given this work, I understand that many in the workforce and many attempting to enter it face barriers like mental health, affordable housing, and access to transportation and quality childcare. Paychecks are not going as far as they did previously. We must tackle these issues to lower the cost of living and create an economy that works for everyone.

The legislature can increase quality childcare options by providing childcare workers free childcare or strengthening incentives for employers who offer childcare on-site. It can further invest in public transit, including last mile bus routes. It can address market conditions to encourage the development of more affordable housing for residents at all stages of life, strengthen incentives to first time homebuyers, and extend affordability requirements on any housing that utilizes public funds. It can foster public private partnerships to increase workforce housing development. And it can support universal healthcare to expand access and equity, including for reproductive and behavioral healthcare, and develop innovative solutions to address root causes such as economic disparities, trauma and discrimination.

Do you support deeper property tax cuts through ballot initiatives this year that would override the Legislature’s property tax work from the most recent session?

ZOKAIE: No. The recent bill was a result of bipartisan compromise and it was pushed through to avoid these ballot initiatives, which would be devastating to local governments and our schools. I also believe the recent agreement was done in a way that makes sense for local assessors’ offices.

TREICK: No, I support the bipartisan SB24-233, which will reduce local property taxes by $1.3 billion per year and overhaul assessment rates while backfilling critical services and our schools through the state education fund and general fund. The bill balanced the needs of homeowners and local governments across the state and better supports owners of low- to moderately-valued homes. Deeper cuts through the proposed ballot initiatives would be devastating to our schools and other local services.

Many Coloradans are listing their top issue this election year as democracy and good governance through the statewide Voter Voices project. Do you find any common ground with members of the opposite party, and how important is bipartisanship in your political philosophy?

ZOKAIE: I think it is crucial to consider diverse viewpoints and give deference to stakeholder expertise. No elected official knows everything, and I will always have an open door to hear from my constituents, colleagues (Democratic or Republican), and industry experts. We are only able to craft intelligent and effective policy when we take into account opposing viewpoints. I have a proven track record of bringing opposing parties together to reach favorable solutions.

With that said, I refuse to compromise at the expense of vulnerable groups such as working people, people of color, and older adults. While I have many times found common ground with members of the opposite party, especially over fiscal policy, I do not believe in finding common ground with anyone who is racist or homophobic. If someone does not believe that I belong in this country because of the color of my skin, then we are likely not going to have a productive conversation.

TREICK: Given my experience at the Colorado Capitol, I know that good public policy making requires compromise. That compromise can come between individual legislators, within the Democratic caucus, between Democrats and Republicans, or by working with state agencies, policy experts or other stakeholders. It can be the result of a short conversation or a more lengthy one, but often is the product of a question that hadn’t been considered previously. We achieve the best policy results when we listen to a diversity of voices and opinions. Policy that goes through this process is much more lasting and impactful.

A critical part of the work of a legislator is to build relationships with diverse groups of stakeholders and to listen to a wide variety of viewpoints. The work also requires the ability to balance multiple viewpoints and opinions and prioritize those from within the community.

One of the largest threats to our Democracy is how divided and vitriolic our politics has become. Many voters are tuning out because they don’t believe their vote makes a difference. We must fight disinformation, listen to each other, and work together to make progress and build back trust in our Democracy.

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